Introduction to waves henry county school district. Pdf waves, light waves, sound waves and ultrasound the. Draw a longitudinal wave and label an area of compression and rarefaction. Waves and wave properties presentation pdf teachengineering. In physics 7b we discussed how an object perturbed from equilibrium underwent simple harmonic motion if the displacement was small and the technical condition that the equilibrium was stable. The high point of a transverse wave is a called the crest, and the low point is called the trough. A wave is a disturbance, which propagates energy from one place to the other without the transportation of matter. The simplest types of wave motion are vibrations of elastic media, such as air, crystalline solids, or stretched strings. Other waves called electromagnetic waves can travel either through matter or through empty space. Waves are a type of disturbance that can propagate or travel.
The peaks and troughs rotate around the direction of motion. The higher the frequency, the more energy in the wave. Sea waves or tides, a sound which we hear, a photon of light travelling and even the movement of small plants blown by the wind are all examples of different types of waves. Transverse waves transverse waves are the waves that have the classical wave shape everyone thinks of when they imagine a wave. In longitudinal waves the vibration of the particles is in the. Types of waves mechanical waves need matter or medium to transfer energy a medium is the substance through which a wave can travel. This lecture is from mullers new book physics and technology for future presidents. Waves come in two kinds, longitudinal and transverse. Class 11 physics revision notes for chapter 15 waves. Classical physics, which includes studies that arose from the renaissance to the beginning of the 20th century. Traveling waves waves propagate from one place to another. Transverse waves are like those on water, with the surface going up and down, and longitudinal waves are like of those of sound, consisting of alternating compressions and rarefactions in a medium. The physics of waves version date february 15, 2015.
In both cases, there is a perturbation with a periodic spatial pattern which propagates, or travels in space. If, for example, the surface of a metal block is struck a sharp blow, the deformation of the surface material compresses the metal in the vicinity of the surface, and this transmits the disturbance to the layers beneath. Fhsst physicswavestypes wikibooks, open books for an. The wave equation outline of mechanical waves longitudinal and transverse waves waves in a string, sound waves the wave equation description of waves using functions of two variables travelling waves the wave equation 0 y v y 1 2 2 2 2 2. A remarkable thing about all these kinds of waves is that the shaking. Longitudinal waves two different motions to describe in a wave. The physics classroom grants teachers and other users the right to print this pdf document and to download this pdf document for private use. Movement of a wave through a solid object like a stretched rope or a trampoline is an example of this type of wave. When dealing with many waves, we can use one wave as a reference and measure the distance shifts for all the others from this. Learn types of waves with free interactive flashcards. Learn types of waves physical science with free interactive flashcards. In a mechanical wave, stress and strain fields oscillate about a mechanical equilibrium. Transverse waves and mechanical waves are examples of mechanical waves.
A sinusoidal wave of frequency 500 hz has a speed of 350 ms. The energy transportation is carried by a disturbance, which spreads out from a source. A wave is a disturbance or variation which travels through a medium. The velocity v of the wave is the speed that a specific part of the wave passes a point. Sound waves pdf version the pdf version of the teacher toolkit on the topic of the nature of sound is displayed below. Mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves, and matter waves.
Draw a transverse wave and put a star where the crest is, and a smiley face where the trough is. Transverse waves one type of mechanical wave is a trans. Waves and sound 1 types of waves consider a set of playground swings attached by a rope from seat to seat if you sit in the first swing and begin oscillating, this disturbs the equilibrium the connecting ropes cause the other swings along the line to oscillate as well. These notes are combined with chapter 14 oscillations. A traveling mechanical wave is a local deformation strain in some physical medium that propagates from particle to particle by creating local stresses that cause. I hope to emphasize that the physics of standing waves is the same. Furthermore, one of the x 0s can be absorbed in xor t, so that the other will represent the distance shift. A water wave is an example of a surface wave, which is a combination of transverse and longitudinal wave motions. Transverse waves should be easy, but the compression waves can be more. From source to detector sound from an instrument to ear cell phone to cell tower and vice versa em waves water waves a disturbance in the water moves outward. The types of waves most commonly studied in physics are mechanical and electromagnetic. Radio waves are the lowestfrequency waves in the em.
Another way that we distinguish between different types of waves is the. Choose from 500 different sets of types of waves physical science flashcards on quizlet. An understanding of waves is essential to understand a wide range of physical phenomena including light. While it does not require a background in physics to understand, it is assumed that the. This physics textbook is designed to support my personal teaching activities at duke university, in particular teaching its physics 141142, 151152, or 161162 series introductory physics for life science majors, engineers, or potential physics majors, respectively. Choose from 500 different sets of types of waves flashcards on quizlet. Introduction to the mechanics of waves university of notre dame.
Waves i waves are an extremely important part of physics. Surface wave s particles travel in a circular motion. Physics is sometimes broken into two broad categories, based on the history of the science. So sound waves sound through air, theyre longitudinal waves. Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation is most likely to. There are a number of examples of each type of wave.
The medium through which the wave travels may experience some local oscillations as the wave passes, but the particles in the medium to not travel with the wave. Waves in which the medium moves at right angles to the direction of the wave. Modeling waves 20 minutes have students use slinkys in pairs to model the different types of waves. The disturbance may take any of a number of shapes, from a finite width pulse to an infinitely long sine wave. Examine the different types of waves and what parts of our daily lives are affected by waves, from the ocean to the microwave to sound. Transverse wave s movement of the particles are at right angles perpendicular to the motion of the energy. The evolution of physics a wave is a transfer of energy without the transfer of matter.
Students will also learn some general wave properties. Waves transport energy without transporting matter. The second additional type of wave is the torsional wave. Introduction to waves a bit of gossip starting in washington reaches new york. Of the two wave types, this is the hardest one to describe and visualize. Lecture 11 chapter 16 waves i university of virginia. In the case of sound waves in air for example, the perturbed quantity is the pressure, which oscillates about the mean atmospheric pressure. Waves on a water surface, on the other hand, do indeed have similarities with other types of waves in physics, including radio waves. Motion of the waves energy motion of individual molecules of the wave transverse waves two motions are perpendicular waves on a string, water surface waves longitudinal waves two motions are parallel sound waves waves can have both transverse and longitudinal motion. Class 11 physics chapter wise ncert solution for physics part 1 and physics part 2 for all the chapters can be downloaded from our website and mycbseguide mobile app for free. You will learn in detail what each of these means in. Waves and sound waves in water vibration types of waves sound. And this type of wave, where the direction of the disturbance is the same, or along the same axis as the direction in which the wave is travelling the wave is travelling in that direction this is call a longitudinal wave. There are many kinds of waves that mechanical engineers deal with.
Types of waves mechanical, electromagnetic, matter waves. Students will learn the difference between a longitudinal wave a transverse wave. Ncert solutions for class 11 physics waves mycbseguide. Class 11 physics revision notes for chapter 15 waves free pdf download. More familiar types of waves are sound, or waves on a surface of water. When sourceobserver moves, the observed frequency andor. Learn about types of waves such as longitudinal and transverse waves as well as the structure of the earth with bbc bitesize gcse physics. In simpler terms, a twisting motion is transmitted through the medium. So far we have concentrated on waves that are movements of a medium. Types of waves 2 types of waves 2 plane waves propagation direction w plane waves have a propagation direction and therefore plane wave fronts e.
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